Applying to graduate school in Canada involves more than submitting transcripts and writing a statement of intent. In fact, one of the key steps is understanding which standardized tests may be required for your program. Requirements vary depending on the school, the field of study, and whether you’re applying as a domestic or international student.

Language proficiency tests, graduate entrance exams, and program-specific assessments all play a role in the admissions process. Planning ahead is essential for scheduling, studying, and budgeting for application and test fees. This is especially important for those applying from abroad, where international student loans can help cover the full cost of attendance.

Knowing what tests are needed can make the process clearer while avoiding delays. Keep reading to learn which tests you need to take to pursue your graduate studies in Canada.

What Are the English Language Proficiency Requirements in Canada?

Most Canadian graduate programs require proof of English language proficiency for non-native English speakers. This ensures applicants can succeed in an academic environment where coursework, lectures, and research are conducted in English.

Two of the most commonly accepted tests are the IELTS Academic and the TOEFL iBT. Canadian universities typically set minimum overall scores and sometimes section-specific thresholds. For example, an IELTS score of 6.5 to 7.5 or a TOEFL iBT score of 90 to 100 is often considered competitive, but exact requirements vary by institution and program.

Some universities may also accept alternative tests or offer waivers based on previous education in English-speaking countries. Applicants should always confirm language test requirements directly with their university of choice before registering for an exam.

When Is the GRE Required and When Is It Optional?

The GRE, or Graduate Record Examination, is a general admissions test often required for research-based master’s or doctoral programs. While not universally mandatory in Canada, many science, engineering, psychology, and economics programs may list it as a requirement or strongly recommend it.

Even when not explicitly required, a solid GRE score can strengthen an application by demonstrating quantitative, verbal, and analytical writing skills. Some departments also use GRE scores to assess readiness for advanced research or to support funding decisions.

Applicants should check whether the GRE is required by their intended program and consider whether submitting scores could boost their competitiveness. Preparing for the GRE takes time, so it’s best to verify expectations early in the admissions process to avoid last-minute stress.

What Is the GMAT for Business and Management Programs?

Graduate business programs in Canada, including MBAs and specialized master’s degrees in management or finance, often require the GMAT. This test evaluates analytical writing, integrated reasoning, quantitative skills, and verbal reasoning.

Most competitive programs expect a score that demonstrates strong analytical and problem-solving abilities, often in the range of 600 or higher. Some universities offer test-flexible policies or accept GRE scores instead of the GMAT, but this can vary by school and program type.

Applicants should also check for any minimum score thresholds or percentile expectations, especially for top-ranked institutions. Knowing whether the GMAT is necessary and how your scores will be used in admissions decisions can help applicants focus their preparation and choose the best strategy for their academic goals.

Are There Any Other Program-Specific Exams or Portfolios?

In addition to general exams like the GRE or GMAT, some graduate programs in Canada require subject-specific tests or supplemental materials. Fields like the fine arts, architecture, or creative writing may ask for a portfolio or writing sample to assess your creative or analytical abilities.

Education-related programs may require standardized teaching assessments, while public health, social work, and nursing programs might include prerequisite coursework or certifications. Law and medical programs usually follow their own testing routes and application processes entirely, often separate from traditional graduate admissions.

Because these requirements vary so widely, reviewing each program’s admissions page is a must. Universities usually provide detailed checklists and guidance that clarify precisely what’s needed. Following those instructions can help ensure all necessary materials are submitted on time and in the correct format.

Know the Tests, Ace the Process

Standardized testing is just one part of preparing for grad school in Canada. That said, it can play a critical role in strengthening your application. Understanding which exams are required — and which ones are optional but recommended — can help applicants prioritize their time, energy, and budget.

From English proficiency tests to program-specific submissions, each requirement adds a piece to the full admissions picture. Starting early allows space for retakes if needed and is an easy way to make sure no deadlines are missed. It also makes room for you to focus on other important aspects of your application, like your personal statements and recommendation letters.

Ultimately, taking the time to research each program’s testing expectations is one of the smartest steps in building a successful, well-prepared application. Good luck!